2002考研英文1——TEXT1(精读)(考研英文自我介绍)

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蓝色有些为文章说明，比方一些代词it，that等的说明，这些代词的了解对文章的了解非常重要！因为代词意味着上下文的联接，只需正确了解代词指代的目标，才干精确的了解文章的意思！

橘色有些是语法的说明，语句的了解最首要的是准断定位主谓宾。语法是基础，包括判别主谓宾、非谓语、从句等。英文语法并不是太难，但最要害的是需要加速反应和判另外速度，做到不重读以前进阅览功率

最终需要阐明的是：这篇文章大多选用直译的方法，即根据单词的次序进行翻译（尽量不依照中文语序而进行单词次序的调整翻译）。因为在实践阅览或考试的时分，必定是早年往后阅览，只需在这种次序情况下，才干做到最大功率的阅览速度！所以平常必定要故意操练早年往后的次序翻译，而且根据精确的语法判别，做到一遍了解语句和文章意思的才能！

最终，期望文章对我们有所协助，不管是考研仍是不考研的同学。另外，假定您对文章有疑议，请留言随时提出，咱们进行友善的谈论，然后对彼此的才能进行前进！假定您喜爱这篇文章，也请您点个赞，谢谢！

正文如下，lets begin!

if you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. if you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.

假定你想要运用诙谐在你的说话中来使人发笑，你必定要直到怎么辨认共有的阅历和疑问。你的诙谐必定是有关的关于观众而且大约有助于闪现给他们一件事，这件事（that引导宾语从句，show sb sth）是你是他们中的一员或许你了解他们的境况而且也附和他们的观念。取决于你正在和谁（whom引导宾语从句并在从句中当宾语）说话，这个疑问（the problems指代上一句话：诙谐要和对方有关）将会是不一样的。假定你和一组阅历攀谈，你可以会说到紊乱的办法关于他们的秘书；或许假定你正在和秘书说话，你可以想要谈论他们的紊乱的老板。

shared????同享的，共有的
in sympathy with????撑持，和…共同
address????向…说话
refer to????触及; 说到
disorganized????组织紊乱的
alternatively????或许

here is an example, which i heard at a nurses?convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. a man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by st. peter. he sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. who is that??the new arrival asked st. peter. .

有一个比方，这个比方（which引导定语从句，在从句中当heard的宾语）我听到从护士的会议中，关于一个故事，这个故事（which引导定语从句润饰story）是有用的因为观众（这儿指会议中的护士）都共享了相同的观念关于医生。一个男人抵达了地狱而且正在被带领赏识经过st. peter。他看到了好的住宿，秀丽的花园，阳光的气候等等。每自个都非常平缓，有礼貌而且友善，直到在排队等午饭的时分，新来的人（指上文刚到的男的）俄然被推到周围被一个男人穿戴白色衣裳的，这个男人（who引导定语从句润饰a man in a white coat）冲向部队前面，拿起食物而且跳过桌子靠他自个。这是谁？新来的问st. peter。这是天主，答复说，但有时分他认为他是医生。

convention????会议
rush????冲

if you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and itll?be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairmans notorious bad taste in ties. with other audiences you mustnt attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. you will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the post office or the telephone system.?

假定你是小组中的一员，这个小组（which润饰小组）是你正在交流的小组，你将会在一个方位来晓得一些阅历和疑问，这些阅历和疑问是一起的关于你们而且这将对错常适合的关于你做出一个顺带的谈论关于不可以食用的食堂食物或许主席臭名远扬的领带品尝。关于其他的观众（这儿和前面做比照，指你不好他们在一个组的观众）吗，你不能试图刺进一个笑话因为他们会仇恨一个外来人做出降低的谈论关于他们的食堂或许主席。你将会在一个愈加平安的环境，假定你坚持（这儿指坚持戏弄）一些替罪羊比方邮局或电话体系（因为邮件和电话体系是大众厌烦的目标，所以戏弄他们是平安的）。

inedible?????不能吃的
notorious????臭名远扬的
resent????厌烦
disparaging????轻视的
scapegoat????替罪羊

if you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. often its the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.?

假定你感触为难当开玩笑的时分，你有必要操练为了变得天然。包括一些随意的而且显着没有预备的谈论，这些谈论（which润饰remarks）你可以说以一种放松的和天然的方法。常常正是（its…which标明偏重句：正是）这种讲演（方法）致使观众浅笑，所以说话慢一些而且记住（that引导宾语从句）一个前进的眉毛或许一个令人不信赖的表情可以协助闪现（that引导宾语从句）你正在做出一个轻松的谈论。

off-the-cuff????未预备的
unforced????天然的
delivery????演说
light-hearted????轻松的

look for the humor. it often comes from the unexpected. a twist on a familiar quote ?or a play on words or on a situation.search for exaggeration and understatements. look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.

寻找诙谐。它（it指诙谐）常常来自于想不到的东西。一个回转在一个了解的引证“假定一开口是你没成功，扔掉”或许操作一个文字或许操作一个情况。寻找夸大或许保存的谈论。重视你的言语而且选择出一些单词或许语句，这些单词或许语句（which润饰前面的words or sentences）你可以回转而且刺进用一些诙谐。

twist????回转
understatement????保存的陈述
turn about????改变

21. to make your humor work, you should
[a] take advantage of different

kinds of audience?
[b] make fun of the disorganized people?
[c] address different problems to different people?
[d] show sympathy for your listeners

答案：第一段第2，3句
your?humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them?that?you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are?in sympathy with?their point of view.?depending on?whom?you are addressing,?the problems?will be different.?
你的诙谐必定是有关的关于观众而且大约有助于闪现给他们一件事，这件事是你是他们中的一员或许你了解他们的境况而且也附和他们的观念。取决于你正在和谁说话，这个疑问将会是不一样的。

22. the joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are
[a] impolite to new arrivals?
[b] very conscious of their godlike role?
[c] entitled to some privileges?
[d] very busy even during lunch hours

be conscious of????晓得; 知道

答案：第二段
who is that??the new arrival asked st. peter. ?came the reply
这是谁？新来的问st. peter。这是天主

23. it can be inferred from the text that public service?
[a] have benefited many people?
[b] are the focus of public attention?
[c] are an inappropriate subject for humor?
[d] have often been the laughing stock

laughing stock????笑柄

答案：第三段最终一句
you will be on safer ground if you stick to?scapegoats?like the post office or the telephone system.?
你将会在一个愈加平安的环境，假定你坚持一些替罪羊比方邮局或电话体系。

24. to achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered
[a] in well-worded language?
[b] as awkwardly as possible?
[c] in exaggerated statements?
[d] as casually as possible

答案：第四段前两句
if you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. include a few casual?and apparently?off-the-cuff?remarks which?you can deliver in a relaxed and?unforced?manner.?
假定你感触为难当开玩笑的时分，你有必要操练为了变得天然。包括一些随意的而且显着没有预备的谈论，这些谈论你可以说以一种放松的和天然的方法。

25. the best title for the text may be?
[a] use humor effectively?
[b] various kinds of humor?
[c] add humor to speech?
[d] different humor strategies