#世界联络考研[超话]##国小政理论##中心-外…来自国政学人-微博

???每天站在图书馆走廊背专业课，一背就是一下午，腰那个酸爽啊……

以下文章，空行分段，划线有些是该段中心句，红字是亮光自个认为的期间粗心，文章中的蓝字为解题句，选项里的蓝色则是正确选项，期望有助于我们食用。

①pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed（入神的）?with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls’ lives. （26）

秀丽的粉赤色：成年女人记不住自个对这种颜色入神，可是这盛行于年青女孩的日子中。

②it is not that pink is intrinsically（本质上）?bad, but it is such a tiny slice of the rainbow and（26）, though it may celebrate（庆祝、举办、宣告）?girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly（重复地）?and firmly（坚决地）?fuses（稳妥丝、熔化）?girls’ identity to appearance.

并不是粉色本质上不好，可是它只是彩虹中的很小的一条，尽管它或许在某种方法宣告了少女年代，它也重复巩固地将女孩的特性融入到表面中。

③then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. （26）

然后它展示出这样的联接，甚至包括两岁的女婴，女孩不只单纯无辜而且也证明出单纯无辜。

④looking around, i despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls’ lives and interests.（26）

四处看看，我对单一的关于女孩日子和快乐喜爱的短少愿望力而感到绝望。

粉色在年青女孩的日子中是很盛行的。

?

①girls’ attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their dna, but according to jo paoletti, an associate professor of american studies,?it is not.

女孩的留心力在粉色上或许如同势不可以避免的，以某种方法编码进她们的dna里，可是根据美国研讨联络教授jp来看，并不是这样的。

②children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since the only way of getting clothes clean was to boil them.

直到20世纪前期，孩子们还没有与颜色相关：早家用洗衣机的世纪之前，出于实践疑问，一切的宝宝都穿白色衣裳，因为洗衣裳的仅有办法是蒸煮衣裳。

③what’s more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses.

更进一步，男孩和女孩都穿戴被认为是中性风的裙子。

④when nursery（托儿所）?colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel（淡色、柔软的）?version of red, which was associated with strength（力气）.

当托儿所的颜色被引入时，粉色实践被认为是愈加男性气势的颜色，是更淡版另外赤色，赤色与力气相联络。

⑤blue, with its intimations（暗示）?of the virgin mary（圣母玛利亚）, constancy（坚决不移）?and faithfulness, symbolized femininity. （27）

蓝色，暗指圣母玛利亚，坚决而忠诚，标志着女人气质。

⑥it was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying（扩展）?age and sex differences became a dominant children’s marketing strategy（30）, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical（批判的、要害的）?years.

直到20世纪8十年代中期，这种情况才变了，当扩展年纪和性另外差异变成主导的儿童商场方针时，粉色完全变成了它自个（？不好心思，我也对这个表达感到很蒙逼，不过联系语境，我觉得大约是“粉色完全盛行起来了”的意思），当它初步如同对女孩有固有招引力时，它变成了界说女人的一有些，至少是在开始的要害的几年。

粉色对女孩的招引力并非天资使然。

?

①i had not realised how profoundly（深化地、极度地）?marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kids, including our core beliefs about their psychological development. （28）

我没知道到，商场趋势多么深化地表达了咱们关于啥是孩子的天资的观念，包括咱们关于她们心思打开的中心崇奉。

②take the toddler（学步成人）.

谈谈学步的成人。

③i assumed that phase（期间、时期）?was something experts developed after years of research into children’s behaviour: wrong.

我认为，期间是一些专家经过数年的研讨打开出来的关于孩子行为的东西：并非如此。

④turns out（成果、正本是）, according to daniel cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing trick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s.（30）

根据儿童时期花费的前史学家dc可知，正本（儿童生长期间）是在20世纪30年代被衣裳制造商的商场战略炒作盛行起来的。

商场战略对咱们所认为的关于孩子的观念（也就是女孩代表色粉色这个观念）有着很强的影响作用。

?

①trade（生意）?publications counseled（?担?department stores that, in order to（in order to?为了）?increase sales, they should create a “third stepping stone（stepping stone?垫脚石）” between infant wear and older kids’ clothes. （29）（30）

生意的出书物?瞪唐蹋颂砑映鍪郏谴笤即丛斐鼋橛谟ざ┐骱痛蠛⒆臃蔚囊恢帧暗谌娼攀ㄆ诩洌保ǖ姆危?br>

②it was only after “toddler” became a common shoppers’ term that it evolved into a broadly（显着地、广大地）?accepted developmental stage.

这个“第三垫脚石期间”是只需在“学步成人”变成一种公共购物团队广泛承受的（概念）之后才打开出来的期间。

③splitting（头痛欲裂的、割裂的）?kids, or adults, into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire（稳赚不赔）?way to boost profits. （29）（30）

将孩子或许成人分红更小的类目被证明是一种添加利益的稳赚不赔的办法。

④and one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify（扩展）?gender differences – or invent（创造、创造）?them where they did not previously exist.

而且切割商场最简略的办法之一，就是扩展性别差异——或许创造出他们早年不曾存在（的差异）。

为了添加收益，商场战略还要细分儿童的期间，此行为和粉色为女人代表色都是为了商业获益。

?

26. by saying “it is…the rainbow”( para.1),the author means pink________.

经过“这是……彩虹”，作者的意思是粉色

[a] cannot explain girls’ lack of imagination

不能说明少女愿望力的缺失（在作者来看，单一的粉色就是女孩愿望力缺失的体现，而且读者还对此绝望）

[b] should not be associated with girls’ innocence

不大约和女孩的纯真无辜联络起来（联络了）

[c] should not be the sole representation of girlhood

不大约变成少女年代的单一体现（这道题要么能读懂“彩虹中的一条”，要么一个个比照选项用打扫法做，所以我把四个选项的定位句都标出来了，这两种办法都可以，啥中心句就算了吧，可太笼统了）

[d] cannot influence girls’ lives and interests

不能影响女

孩的日子和快乐喜爱（影响了，还特盛行呢）

?

27. according to paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours？

根据第二段，下列哪项关于颜色的描绘是正确的

[a] colours are encoded in girls’ dna.

颜色编码进了女孩的dna里（原文是不是定）

[b] blue used to be regarded as the colour for girls.

蓝色早年被视作是女孩的颜色（和原文共同）

[c] white is preferred by babies.

白色被宝宝偏疼（白色是因为其时洗衣靠蒸煮才给宝宝用的）

[d] pink used to be a neutral colour in symbolising（标志、代表）?genders.

粉色早年在性别标志被用作中性颜色（中性色是白色）

?

28.?the author suggests that our perception of children’s psychological development was much influenced by_________.

作者认为，咱们关于儿童心思打开的观念很大程度被_____所影响

[a]?the observation of children’s nature

对孩子天资的调查

[b]?the marketing of products for children

儿童产品商场战略（第三段中心句——第一句就是）

[c]?researches into children’s behaviour

研讨儿童的行为

[d]?studies of childhood consumption

儿童年代的花费研讨

?

29.?we may learn from paragraph 4 that department stores were advised to_________.

咱们可以从第四段得知，商铺被主张

[a]?classify consumers into smaller groups

将顾客区别为更小的集体（是的就是这样，分红更小的类目是一种添加利益的稳赚不赔的办法）

[b]?attach equal importance to different genders

对不一样的性别施加平等的重要性（这选项有性别轻视的味儿啊，人家原文没这意思，人家只说要扩展性别差异，没说啥对男女不对等看待的事）

[c]?focus on infant wear and older kids’ clothes

重视婴儿服装和大孩子的服装（不，是两者之间的）

[d]?create some common shoppers’ terms（方位、术语）?

创造一些广泛的花费者术语（人家是为了将顾客区别为更小的集体，所以创造了花费者术语让花费者晓得这种区别，要找本质）

?

30. it can be concluded that girls’ attraction to pink seems to be________.

女孩关于粉色的入神如同可以被总结为

[a] fully understood by clothing manufacturers

被衣裳制造商充分晓得

[b] clearly explained by their inborn tendency

经过她们内在的喜爱倾向清楚的说明

[c]?mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmen

首要被利益教唆的商人强加（从第一段今后的剩下期间都有说到啥“商业战略”“推广战略”“添加获利”“前进出售”的作业，很显着要选与“商业、战略、利益、销量”有关的选项）

[d] well interpreted by psychological experts

被心思学家说明得极好

????