如何蒙猜生词考研英语阅览了解5大技巧so easy!

在打点类联考中，阅览了解多项选择有40分，占了英语二总分值的五分之二。咱们考生要前进阅览了解的才能，就有必要加强两方面的练习：一是了解，二是速度。
单词是构成文章的重要要素，但咱们在文章中很难遇到整篇都是你知道的单词，所以遇到生词在所不免。为了不打扰思路，不影响阅览速度，咱们有必要掌控猜测词义的阅览技巧。
生词在上下文中不是孤立的，作者一般会经过上下文给出意思附近的词语或许暗示、条理，让读者使用上下文了解的词语或语境了解这些词的词义。
此外，一词多义及指代疑问也是阅览了解中常碰到的表象，这就需求咱们根据它们在上下文中的作用，猜测它们的意思和指代的内容。
典型题干1.the word “…” in the fourth paragraph means?
2.the word “…” in the article most probably means？
3.the word “…” in the first paragraph refers to?
4.the phrase “…” in the article stands for?
5.which of the following is similar in meaning to “…” in the second paragraph?
6.the word “…” in the third paragraph is used in the sense of?
7.the word “…” could best be replaced by?

精确掌控词义的办法有以下 五种
界说法 文章作者对较难、较偏、较陌生的词或专业化的词，一般会选用说明或下界说的办法给读者进行说明阐明。而界说的用词是读者比照了解的、较为常见的。界说一般由破折号、逗号或括号引出。
in a theater, or a film or television studio, the set is the scenery built to resemble a real location. it is made by carpenters and other workers, and painted and decorated to look like a real room or whatever location is required for the production. a film studio may build a set outdoors to resemble a whole street or even a small town.
q:what does the underline word “set” mean in the article?
a.a machine
b.a mathematical term
c.an event
d.a representation of scenery
set虽不是生词，但一词多义是英语词汇的根柢特征之一，作为专业术语，大大都人不晓得它的意义。本段文章初步两句是对set下的界说，即“布景是指戏院、影片拍摄棚或电视直播室中建立的仿照真实场景的布景”，因而答案一望而知。

重述法 类似于界说法，对生词进行说明阐明。用于说明的词也是较简略一般的词，也可所以由or、such as、like等词引出的同位语。
airships are huge balloons with propellers to drive them, and they were once used to carry as many as 200 passengers. the sirships were filled with hydrogen, a light gas. however, hydrogen is also inflammable. there were several disasters in which airships caught fire, and they disappeared by the end of the 1930s. however, airship are now flying again, but they are not common. they are lifted by helium gas, which does not catch fire.
q:what does the underline word “inflammable” mean?
a.a kind of gas
b.fire
c.easy to catch fire
d.difficult to catch fire
inflammable这个词在句中充当表语，后边是语句的复合句。定于从句就是“in which airships caught fire”，润饰disasters，由此可知这种性质的气体致使了着火，所以咱们可以必定地说inflammable是“易燃、简略着火”的意思。后边的语句仍是对这个生词的重述、说明和阐明。

打扫法 假定咱们知道考题中的方针词，但选项给出的单词或释义中存在不了解的单词，这时可以用打扫法。可在生词中找到了解的有些，分析词缀、词根，然后得出单词的大约词义。
united states citizens are now enjoying better dental health, as shown by the decreasing occurring rate of tooth decay.
q:which of the following is similar in meaning to “occurring rate” in article?
a.treatment
b.consequence
c.incidence
d.misfortune
occur意为“发生”，为常用词，occurring rate则为“发生率”。treat有“医治、对待”的意思，-ment一般构成名词后缀，不可贵出treatment就是“医治”的意思。consequence是“成果”的意思。misfortune从词根、词干方面进行查询，可以猜出词义是“意外”。去伪存真，答案就出来了。

例子法 作者常用一些比方来阐明疑问，因为恰当的比方可以更理解地表达作者的意图，这也给读者在猜测生词方面供给了根据。读者根据自个的常识，把这些比方进行归纳分类，就能很简略地猜出作者在举例时所用的生词的意思。英语中常用来引出比方的词语有for example、such as、like等。
you can select any of these periodicals, like times, newsweek and reader’s digest for your supplementary readings.
q:the the underline word “periodical” in the article most probably means？
a.a period of time
b.magazine
c.institute
d.movie
斜体的三个单词或单语，众所周知是美国闻名的三本杂志，这些杂志正是periodical的三个比方，所以读者便能猜出该词的意思是“杂志、期刊”。

揣度法 运用逻辑过渡词，辨认单词在上下文中的逻辑联络；在联接的语篇中句与句的联络，使用例如空间比照、次序、因果、类推等联络猜测词义。
one mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. quite the reverse, business and life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information. business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors, as best poker players. but few business people find it comfortable to admit that they a

re taking a chance, and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess, not poker.
q:which of the following can be used in place of “quite the reverse” ?
a.quite right
b.true enough
c.most unlikely
d.just the opposite
对”quite the reverse”前后的信息进行逻辑分析，就会发现前后两个语句意思相反，是比照联络，因而选出正确答案。